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Sample Handling System of Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover

Adaptive Caching Assembly of the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover – part 1

The Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover‘s adaptive caching assembly is one of the three main components of the sample caching system. The other two main components are the robotic arm and the turret assembly, which are introduced in more detail in [Robotic Arm the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover] and [Turret of the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover].

The Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover‘s adaptive caching assembly is located inside of the rover and on the front of the body. There are mainly 6 sub-assemblies of the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover‘s adaptive caching assembly: the sample tube storage assembly, the sample handling arm, the dispenser, volume, tube assembly, the vision station, the sealing station, and the bit carousel. For our 1:2 Mars Rover Replica, we will replicate the part on the front of the body, and we will try our best to perfectly replicate the part that is inside of the rover’s body.

The Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover‘s adaptive caching assembly’s sample tube storage assembly is for storing both empty sample tubes and filled sample tubes. Although they are placed together, there are sheaths to protect them from contaminating each other. There are a total of 39 sample tubes in the sample tube storage assembly.

The Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover‘s adaptive caching assembly’s sample handling arm is for transferring the sample tubes to different stations in the adaptive caching assembly or for moving the sample tubes to the bit carousel so that the sample tubes are inserted into the drill bits for sample caching purposes.

The Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover‘s adaptive caching assembly’s dispenser, volume, tube assembly is to calculate the number of samples collected and to reduce possible contamination. There are 3 sample tubes in the dispenser, volume, tube assembly. There are 7 seal dispensers, and each seal dispenser has 7 seals, so there are 49 seals in total, 7 of which are spares.

The Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover‘s adaptive caching assembly’s vision station not only takes photos of the sample cached but also performs a second-time calculation for the amount of each sample collected.

The Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover‘s adaptive caching assembly’s sealing station is to seal a sample permanently by triggering seals in the sample tubes.

The Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover‘s adaptive caching assembly’s bit carousel is to keep all the drill bits and helps to insert a sample tube into a drill bit for sample caching.

For our 1:2 Mars Rover Replica, we will try our best to perfectly replicate these 6 sub-assemblies. Although they will not have the same functions as the real Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover‘s adaptive caching assembly, they will be fully motorized and you can simulate the sample handling movement with the remote control.

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Sample Handling System of Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover

Witness Tubes of the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover

There are two types of sample tubes on the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover. The first type is the sample containers (or the sample tubes), and the second type is the witness tubes. Our 1:2 Mars Rover Replica will perfectly replicate the structure appearance of the sample tubes.

There are a total of 42 sample tubes that the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover carries, and 4 of them are dedicated as witness tubes. For each Mars Rover Replica, there will be 42 sample tubes that come with it but if the customers want more as replacements, that is alright as well.  Unlike the sample tubes, the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover‘s witness tubes do not collect actual rock or soil samples, but they go through the same collecting process as the sample tubes. The purpose is to preserve the drilling condition, or the contamination knowledge, for when the samples are being drilled and filled into the sample tubes so that when the samples are analyzed in the future on Earth, scientists will know how earthly factors or even contamination from the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover itself affect the condition of the samples. The witness tubes of the 1:2 Mars Rover Replica are perfect replicas of the real Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover‘s witness tubes in terms of the structure appearance including the colors, but the material might be slightly different.

Inside of the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover‘s bit carousel, there is also a witness tube assembly, which is especially for collecting the contamination knowledge for the bit carousel’s condition, so that in the future, when the witness tubes are returned to Earth, scientists will know the working environment the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover‘s bit carousel is exposed to. For our 1:2 Mars Rover Replica, the bit carouse and the witness tube assembly might be the last structure to replicate because they are mostly inside of the rover’s body and very sophisticated.